Heating and ventilating rooms or houses



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. OINNAMON. HEATING AND VENTILATING ROOMS QR HOUSES. No. 546,842.Patented Sept. 24, 1895.

AN DREW EGRANAM. PHOTO-LITHU.WASHIN GTON. D C

{No Model.) 3 SheetsSheet 2.

J. OINNAMON. HEATING AND VENTILATING ROOMS OR HOUSES.

- No. 546,842. Patented Sept. 24, 1895.

WITNESSES: V INVENTOR ATTORNEYS 3 Sheets-Shet 3.

(No Model.)

J. OINNAMON. HEATING AND VENTILATING ROOMS 0R HOUSES. No. 546,842.Patented Sept. 24, 1895.

ITNESSES: INVENTOR 7/ BY 6 fig 4/ ATTORNEYS ANDREW EGRAHAM.PMO'm-UTHQWASHINGTQNJ C JOHN OINNAMON, OF NEW BRIGHTON, NEWVYORK.

HEATING AND VENTILATING ROOMS OR HOUSES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 546,842, datedSeptember 24, 1895.

Application filed January 24,1895. Serial No. (N0

T 0 all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, J OHN CINNAMON, a citizen of the United States,residing at New Brighton, county of Richmond, State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful improvements in heating and ventilatingrooms or houses by the use of coal and wood or other fuel suitable forburning in a grate, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is designed to increase the heating force of a given amountof coal and wood fuel by producing combustion in such position that allthe heat shall be preserved, circumscribed, controlled, and directed inits paths of radiation to take effect only where it may be deemeddesirable.

My invention is designed to economize fuel by preventing the escape ofheat during combustion into any wall or fireplace, where it hasgenerally been absorbed, wasted, and lost for any practical purpose ofheating dwellings.

My invention is designed to produce the combustion of coal and wood orother fuel in a grate at such elevation above the level of a floor as toadmit of the waves of heat-rays to be radiated downward to strike at anydesired distance across a room on the floor, and to be also reflected.in like manner in waves of forcible effect for heating a floor.

My invention contemplates the suspension of a grate in the air at acomparatively high elevation and apart from any wall and at a distancefrom any substance whatever except the loop by which it hangs, so thatno loss of heat can occur by contact; but all the heat that proceedsfrom the fire or from the hot bars of the grate must either strike thefloor or strike a reflector situated in a position which will send thereflected heat-wavesin the direction to which said reflector turns them,downward or forward.

In the drawings hereto annexed, Figure I is a front elevation of myinvention. Fig. II is a side elevation, partly in section. Fig. III is aplan view thereof. Fig. IV is a sectional plan view of the grate orfire-basket seen in Figs. I and II.

.In constructing the device which constitutes my invention I make arectangular frame of four tubes or rods a a a a, of which 'set fire to.

two are cut off at a distance of three or four feet from the bottom, andplates are put at sides, back, and front to form a metal box, havingdoors a at the front and open at the top. The two longer rods, whichextend to a height sufficient to nearly reach the ceiling of the room inwhich my device is to be used, support a polished metal reflector b ofthe form shown. They are, moreover, joined together by a metal plate 0,through which is cut the opening (1, communicating with anychimney-flue. Pulleys e e support a cable or chain f, which carries atone end a grate or fire-basket g and at the other end a counterweightit.

My improved grate consists of a hanging basket of metal, having a solidback i, to which is attached a second plate of polished metalj forpreventing radiation, sides and front composed of grate-bars is, whichare pivoted at each end after the manner of the familiar window-blind,and means for opening or closing these slat-like grate-bars. A removableash-pan m in the bottom of the ash-pit 1 may be taken out by opening thedoors n.

The operation of my invention is as follows: The grate 9 having beenlowered into the space'behind the doors n, said doors are opened and thegrate filledwith fuel, which is then The grate is then hoisted into theposition shown in Fig. I, occupying a position just below the flue d.Heat is then radiated therefrom and sent by the reflector b in therequired direction. Radiation and combustion may be lessened by closingthe gratebars 1c, and the heat may be entirely shut off and the firesoon put out by lowering the firebasket behind the doors 72.

My invention is designed to make a portable elevated fireplace to beplaced adjacent to and in front of any flue at a wall; or the device maybe built in a solid chimney or in a wall and be made stationary, inwhich arrangement walls may take the place of the high metal box, whichin the portable fireplace serves the purposes of brickwork, and has areceptacle for ashes, consisting of a box into which the grate with itsfire may be lowered out of sight when it is desirable that heatingshould cease. My device may be applied in any new chimney or fireplacemade with an opening by cutting out its front and sides,beginning at apoint, say, four feet above the floor, to a point above the entrance tothe flue near to the ceiling where the reflector covers the open fine;or my device may be applied to be stationary in any old fireplace bycutting out the wall. For the purposes of radiating heatrays I prefer abasket-grate with a plate back, having only one bar at its top, and withthe bars on front and both ends made to open and to close by a rod inthe center of each, similarly to the window-slat arrangement in commonuse, the object being to increase or retard draft or radiation byopening or closing the front or ends, and I prefer to make the grate ofwedge form, narrow at bottom and with large surface area, and having itsfront surface inclined forward and downward, so that the radiation fromthe front bars will point obliquely across the floor, while the uppersurface will rise slightly from the front to the back to direct thecurrent of air and smoke into the line. The grate may be hoisted by achain and pulleys, with a balance-weight to lift and lower it, or byother suitable means.

My invention is designed to maintain a healthful temperature in rooms byheating the floors without cooking the air together with its impurities,which the funnel-shaped reflector tends to draw out with all the hot airwhich I heat under it immediately below a level of the smoke-flue,causing a strong draft near the ceiling and obviating every probabilityof any other draft being perceptible across the room and absolutelypreventing any draft on the floor, which is by my improvement made to bethe warmest part of the room and from which a slightly-warmed aircontinues to rise, while the radiated and reflected heat-rays continueto strike down on it.

My invention improves on previous methods of heating by coal and woodfire gratesin the following important respects: They produce a heatedcondition of the framework surrounding the fire of such a hightemperature that not only is the heat wasted, but it is impossible tocool the fireplace and discontinue the heating process when desirable.Mydevice, on the contrary, can stop the heating process in less than aminute by lowering the grate. Experiments with high fireplaces, wherethe fire stood over four feet above the floor, proved that feeding thefire with fuel was attended with difficulty, whereas my inventionrenders it most convenient. All fires under a fine waste the heat-raysupward with the smoke into the flue-walls. My improvement prevents that,as my fire is not perpendicularly under the flue. All fires at or nearthe floor tend to heat the ceiling and upper walls by radiatingheat-rays upward, leaving the floor cold, while my improvement radiatesand reflects heat-waves downward to warm the floor, leaving the ceilingand upper walls cool.

Another important advantage obtained by my improvement is the productionof all the good effects of the Turkish bath, while at the same timeavoiding the dangerous consequences of breathing its hot air, which isapplied to the skin of the bather, whereas by a simple movableattachment of additional reflector placed at its top to slide downwardand forward the heat-rays are directed down on the body to produce ashigh temperature on the skin as that produced by hot air in the bath. Incase of sudden chill in hospitals the reflected heat, either alone oraccompanied with direct radiation downward, may be applied, so as toquickly raise the temperature of a thermometer on the floor to register100 Fahrenheit. As a fact of experiment in a residence where the hot-airfurnace has been abolished and in a bed-room when the mercury out ofdoors (December 28, 1894) was 10 Fahrenheit,the occupant of a bed-roomslept in air temperature of Fahrenheit, while a thermometer on the footof the bed, subject to the reflected rays from an elevated fire,registered Fahrenheit.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim anddesire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a heating device, a supporting framework having a grate suspendedtherein free of contact from any wall, and capable of being lowered orelevated to any height in a room, substantially as described.

2. In a heating device the combination of a grate with means forelevating and lowering the same, a metal box into which it may belowered and from which it may be elevated, and having a front doorextending upward about one half of its height, havinga back to standagainst a wall, the frame work of the structure being of metal bars,covered with sheet metal, substantially as set forth.

3. In a heating device the combination of a grate, a metal box in whichit may rest or above which it may be suspended, and a reflector tointercept the heat rays radiated from the fire in the grate,substantially as described.

4. In a heating device the combination of a grate, a metal box intowhich it may be lowered or from which it may be hoisted to any height ina room, a reflector to intercept the radiated heat from the grate, and ahoisting apparatus to lift the grate toward the smoke flue when desiredto burn a fire, and to lower it to the bottom of the box when theheating process is to cease, substantially as set forth and described.

JOHN CINNAMON.

\Vitnesses:

M. V. BIDGOOD, O. M. Orr.

ICO

